The flipped classroom is an instructional model that reverses the traditional educational arrangement by shifting the direct instruction of core concepts outside the classroom and transforming in-class time into opportunities for active learning and inquiry. Traditionally, teachers deliver lectures during class and assign tasks such as homework or problem sets for students to complete independently. In contrast, the flipped classroom approach requires students to engage with new material in advance—often through teacher-prepared video lectures, podcasts, readings, or other digital resources—before coming to class. As a result, valuable classroom time is repurposed for collaborative activities, discussions, problem-solving, and application-based exercises under the direct supervision of the instructor. This pedagogical strategy draws upon principles of active learning, constructivism, and blended learning. Research suggests that the flipped classroom approach can foster deeper understanding and improve learning outcomes by allowing students to absorb basic information at their own pace, rewinding or reviewing as needed. During in-class sessions, students benefit from peer […]